No visit to Holland’s capital would be complete without winding your way along the 17th-century Amsterdam Canal Ring (Grachtengordel), a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Cruises typically float beneath some of the hundreds of bridges—the most famous of which is Skinny Bridge (Magere Brug)—that spans the Amstel River, and according to legend, was originally built by two sisters in the 1600s so they could meet up with each other more easily.

Born in the small town of Zundert, Vincent Van Gogh is one of Holland’s most famous exports. No other place pays homage to him better than the Van Gogh Museum, which is unsurprisingly home to the world’s largest collection of work by the legendary artist. Another world-class Amsterdam museum is the Rijksmuseum, the largest art museum in the Netherlands.

Few places in the world are more accommodating to bicycles than Amsterdam, where 320 miles (515 kilometers) of bike lanes allow you to easily traverse the 62 miles (100 kilometers) of canals and its 1500 bridges. Blend in with the locals by hiring a bike and following the bicycle lanes around town. The best spots for leisurely biking are the 19th-century “green lung” of Vondelpark and The Nine Streets (De Negen Straatjes), a collection of side streets featuring chic boutiques.

Amsterdam-Noord used to be an industrial wasteland, home only to factories and shipyards. Today, however, it's hailed as the capital’s hippest district. Start off in the trendy NDSM Wharf, home to a skatepark and several art galleries, before browsing Pekmarkt, where market stalls sell everything from organic food to vintage clothes, depending on the day. You can also catch a film at the EYE Film Institute (EYE Filmmuseum), a modernist landmark that is also home to a cinematography museum.

Amsterdam has several attractions dedicated entirely to flowers. Don’t miss Bloemenmarkt, the only floating flower market in the world, where local florists sell flowers from houseboats. You can also delve deeper into Holland’s flower obsession at the Amsterdam Tulip Museum. If you’re visiting in the spring months, don’t miss Keukenhof Gardens, where 7 million flower bulbs bloom across 79 acres (32 hectares) of lush parkland.

Nothing exemplifies Holland better than Zaanse Schans, an open-air museum in the fertile Dutch countryside outside of Amsterdam. Here, you can watch locals make traditional wooden clogs; see old-style windmills whirring in the fields; and, depending on the timing of your visit, admire brightly-colored tulips in bloom. Combine a visit to Zaanse Schans with a stop in Edam to sample freshly-made cheese. Or, join a tour of the charming fishing village of Volendam.

While Amsterdam is best known for being a joyous city to visit, it does have a harrowing history. Nowhere exemplifies this better than the Anne Frank House (Anne Frank Huis), a canalside house made famous by Anne Frank: Diary of a Young Girl. The former residence is now a moving museum that describes the Frank family’s experience of hiding during Nazi Germany. As one of the city’s top attractions, admission tickets often sell out, so be sure to reserve your time slot in advance.

While it might be best known for its beer and balls, there’s much more to Amsterdam’s food scene than bitterballen. The best way to discover it is on a food tour, during which you’ll get the inside scoop on Gouda cheese, smoked sausage, and stroopwafel (crunchy, sweet waffles), and discover why the city has such a thriving Indonesian food scene. You can even try your hand at making your own cheese during a workshop in De Hallen.

There’s a reason that Amsterdam is famous throughout Europe for its nightlife, most of which centers around the Red Light District (De Wallen). While the area is most famous for its liberal and regulated approach to sex work, it’s also a cute canalside district bursting with museums, bars, restaurants, and shops selling everything from condoms to cheese.

Once you’ve ticked off Amsterdam’s top sights, you’ll be rewarded for going farther afield. Though fast and reliable Dutch trains make getting to other parts of the country a breeze—and give you the chance to visit the grand Amsterdam Centraal Station—a day trip lets you hop between the highlights of the Hague, Delft, and Rotterdam, without having to worry about aligning your sightseeing with public transport timetables.